|
Letter: I
The Internet Advertising Bureau is an industry organization dedicated to the promotion of Web advertising. They establish standards, conduct industry research, and talk up the Web as a marketing nirvana. The IAB has done good work in the areas of metrics and Web branding, but their vested interest in presenting a rosy image of Web advertising can also make them a tad biased.
(Internet Engineering Task Force) A voluntary group that investigates and resolves technical problems, as well as making recommendations to the IAB.
Short for "inline frame," Iframes are used to insert a block of text into a separate HTML document. Iframes can float above page elements using absolute positioning, or they can be placed directly on the page with page elements flowing around them. Unlike regular frames, Iframes can not be resized by the user. (NOTE: Iframes are not supported by older browsers.)
Microsoft's Internet information server is one of the most widely used commercial Web server applications on the market. It runs on the Windows NT operating system and it incorporates all of the tools required by high-traffic commercial Web sites, such as security, extensions, logging, database interfaces and all of the necessary protocols.
This is an image that has several links geographically mapped onto it. For example, an image map of a photograph of the Beatles might enable you to click on Ringo and receive a page describing his drumming abilities. Click on George, and receive a file about how Eric Clapton stole Patti Boyd. One thing to remember about image maps is that they are a purely visual form of navigation, so if your visitor isn't loading the images, they'll never know where to click. For this reason, you should always include text links under the images as an alternative way to navigate.
(In My Humble Opinion) -- A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online forum, IMHO indicates that the writer is aware that they are expressing a debatable view, probably on a subject already under discussion. One of may such shorthands in common use online, especially in discussion forums.
"Impression" is industry parlance for an actual ad viewed. For example, there are three ads on this page, so you've just accounted for three impressions. Why thank you! Of course, it's next to impossible to know if someone actually sees a given advertisement on the Web. After all, a user might not scroll down far enough to see the ad, could be surfing with images turned off, or might press Stop before the ad is fully loaded into the browser window. This can make impression-counting on the Web a thorny endeavor, but then the same goes for other media as well (who knows whether people are actually watching the commercial or off in the kitchen getting another beer?). Short of guessing, you're probably better off slaughtering a goat and examining its entrails.
Producing images for the Web invariably means minimizing the number of colors (and therefore the file size), and the index color system is another step in this squishing process. With a 216-color palette loaded, Photoshop will map an image to those colors when you move it into index color mode. While this helps the compression and allows you to choose bit depth, it also makes the colors dither, or shift numerically, to the palette. One way to compensate for dithering in the index mode is to use a histogram, which is basically a bar graph of each color's frequency in the image. In most image-processing programs, you can manipulate the histogram and determine how much weight to give certain colors in the resulting palette.
As opposed to a linked stylesheet, an inline stylesheet is included within an HTML document. It is directly associated with a particular element, and the appearance of the document cannot easily be changed. The advantage is that the presentation of the document can be separated into the global style contained in the <HEAD> tag , and HTML can be used more appropriately for the document's structure. Using an inline stylesheet at the beginning of the document allows the style and rendering to be modified without changing the HTML. On the other hand, using a linked stylesheet can be more efficient for a set of pages, because a linked style can be defined through a single file. Changing the entire Web site with a linked stylesheet can be done just by modifying the linked stylesheet file.
A Web page is interactive when it prompts a response from the user. Immediacy is the key to interactivity: If you click on a button that says "chat," then that experience would be considered "more interactive" if you are immediately able to chat with someone online. The experience would be "less interactive" if the response was an email address for a mailing list on which you are allowed to discuss a particular issue. Interactive is really just another code word for describing how graphical elements in Web pages work together with the software behind them.
If a computer-displayed image is interlaced, then it is rendered in alternating horizontal lines. For example, browsers display interlaced GIFs in alternating passes, skipping every other line and rendering a kind of blurry image first and then sharpening it on subsequent passes. This is useful if you'd like your viewers to get a general idea of the image while they are downloading it. Interlacing for GIFs was designed to make bigger images quicker to download, but the problem is that an interlaced GIF actually has a larger file size than a non-interlaced GIF, so use this method cautiously.
(Upper case I) The vast collection of inter-connected networks that all use the TCP/IP protocols and that evolved from the ARPANET of the late 60’s and early 70’s. The Internet now (July 1995) connects roughly 60,000 independent networks into a vast global internet.
(Lower case i) Any time you connect 2 or more networks together, you have an internet - as in inter-national or inter-state.
Otherwise known as Internet service providers (ISP). These organizations allow other computer users to dial-in and connect to their Internet connection for a fee.
(Internet Network Information Centre) (http://rs.internic.net) for the United States, which is made up of three separate commercial organizations, and provides government-contracted services. This agency is the one that assigns and records unique domain names.
This is a Web advertisement that appears on its own page, typically in between "content" pages. Interstitials are typically not clickable (or are linked to the page you'd originally hoped to reach), but are usually buffered by a similar, smaller advertisement on the subsequent content page that allows you to investigate the advertiser's product. By mid-1997, interstitials were at the top of every advertiser's want list, but have lost popularity since then.
A private network inside a company or organization that uses the same kinds of software that you would find on the public Internet, but that is only for internal use.
As the Internet has become more popular many of the tools used on the Internet are being used in private networks, for example, many companies have web servers that are available only to employees.
Note that an Intranet may not actually be an internet -- it may simply be a network.
Intuitive interactions with a Web page are extremely important to understand. When a user makes decisions about how to navigate through a site, those decisions are influenced by information from the real world. So this information must be taken into account when designing the navigation. Don't confuse "intuitive" with "instinctive." When used as a Web design term, intuitive means it's understood that most users will make the same decisions when confronted with a particular design element. Instinctive means that if any more smoke comes out of their computer they will decide to run away.
(Internet Protocol) Number 1 among the protocols upon which the Internet is based. IP allows a packet to travel through multiple networks on the way to its ultimate destination
A unique number assigned to every computer directly connected to the Internet (for example 192.35.255.0). See also: DNS. IP address syntax:
1-3 numbers
(0-255) . 1-3 numbers
(0-255) . 1-3 numbers
(0-255) . 1-3 numbers
(0-255)
Internet Protocol address identifying a computer connected to the Internet.
(Internet Protocol Number) -- Sometimes called a dotted quad. A unique number consisting of 4 parts separated by dots, e.g.
165.113.245.2
Every machine that is on the Internet has a unique IP number - if a machine does not have an IP number, it is not really on the Internet. Most machines also have one or more Domain Names that are easier for people to remember
(Internet Relay Chat) -- Basically a huge multi-user live chat facility. There are a number of major IRC servers around the world which are linked to each other. Anyone can create a channel and anything that anyone types in a given channel is seen by all others in the channel. Private channels can (and are) created for multi-person conference calls.
IP address A unique number assigned to every computer directly connected to the Internet (for example 192.35.255.0). See also: DNS. IP address syntax:
1-3 numbers
(0-255) . 1-3 numbers
(0-255) . 1-3 numbers
(0-255) . 1-3 numbers
(0-255)
IRC (Internet Relay Chat). A mechanism that allows for a number of Internet users to connect to the same network node and chat in real time. To access this feature, you need an IRC server.
Some IRC-unique
communication shortcuts:
AAMOF - As a matter of fact.
BBFN - Bye bye for now.
BTW - Back to work.
BYKT - But you know that.
CMIIW - Correct me if I'm wrong.
EOL - End of lecture.
FITB - Fill in the blank.
IAC - In any case.
IMHO - In my humble opinion.
LJBF - Let's just be friends.
LOL - Laugh out loud.
OIC - Oh, I see.
OTOH - On the other hand.
ROFL - Rolling on the floor laughing.
TIC - Tongue in cheek.
TTFN - Ta ta for now.
TYVM - Thank you very much.
Grinning
Smiling
Laughing
Joking
Excerpts from the
Unofficial Smiley Dictionary:
:-) Smile
;-) Wink
:-( Frown
:-| Indifferent
:-> Sarcastic
>:-> Devilish
:'-( Crying
:'-> Happy and crying
:-@ Screaming
:-& Tongue tied
:-S Incoherent
:-\ Undecided
:-c Bummed out
:-e Disappointed
:-o Surprised
>:-< Mad
:-O Uh Oh!
:-/ Skeptical
<:-| Dunce
@-->---- a Rose
- Microsoft Internet Information Server
(Integrated Services Digital Network) -- Basically a way to move more data over existing regular phone lines. ISDN is rapidly becoming available to much of the USA and in most markets it is priced very comparably to standard analog phone circuits. It can provide speeds of roughly 128,000 bits-per-second over regular phone lines. In practice, most people will be limited to 56,000 or 64,000 bits-per-second.
ISO (International Standards Organization) entities, sometimes referred to as character entities, are a group of ASCII characters that can be used in HTML to display special characters. For example, you can't simply type the ® symbol from your keyboard since it's not a standard ASCII character; it'll show up as garbage on your Web page. But if you use the ISO entity equivalent, the Web browser will be able to interpret the character correctly.
Short for Internet service provider, an ISP owns and operates all of the equipment (telephony, digital cable, servers, etc.) that allow you to connect to the Internet from your home or office. Most ISPs sell access to their services for a small monthly fee, which you can access by "calling in" or "connecting to" your ISP's computer network. Examples of large ISPs in the United States are Earthlink, America Online and NetZero.
(Internet Service Provider) -- An institution that provides access to the Internet in some form, usually for money.
|
